同等學力英語考前沖刺翻譯練習(3)
來源:在職研究生招生信息網 發布時間:2015-07-22 13:35:00
1. __________________ (他們的獨生兒子從未想過) to leave them and strike out on his own though he is in his late twenties.
2. Before you take any action, please remember to __________________ (權衡你的決定會產生的后果).
3. He assured his friend that under no circumstances __________________ (他會違背還錢的承諾).
4. Most educators advise that kids __________________ (不要沉溺于電腦游戲).
5. Business major as he is, he has __________________ (從未考慮過從事推銷員工作).
6、The professor required that ________________ (我們交研究報告)by Wednesday.
7、Though a skilled worker, _______________ (他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.
8、It was reported that 65% of traffic accidents in this city _______________ (是由行車不慎造成的).
9、 ________________(希特勒是武裝到牙齒的)when he launched the Second World War,but in a few years,he was completely defeated.
10、They are having a discussion ________________(目的是尋找改善質量的途徑)
【答案解析】
1. Their only son has never thought
2. weigh your decision against its possible consequences.
3. would he break/breach his promise/commitment to pay back the money.
4. should not be addicted to computer games. / should not indulge themselves in computer games / should not abandon themselves to computer games.
5. never considered working as a salesman.
6. we hand in our research report(s)
由require引導的that賓語從句在表示指令性含義的時候應該用虛擬語氣,即:require that sb. (should) do sth.通常should可以省略。required用過去時態是個干擾項,如果考生沒有注意到虛擬語氣的話可能就會把需填補部分的動詞“交”錯譯成handed in. 類似的動詞還有:advise,ask,beg,command,decide,decree,demand,desire,determine,insist,move(建議),order,prefer(寧愿),propose,recommend,request,require,suggest(建議),urge(極力主張),vote等。類似的形容詞有:advisable,appropriate,better,best,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,incredible,insistent,natural,necessary,obligatory,preferable,proper,ridiculous,strange,surprising,urgent,vital等。句末的by Wednesday表示在某個時間之前,這雖然不是本題考點,但考生應該看到by Wednesday和on Wednesday的區別。
7. he was fired by the company
很多同學在口語表達中容易說成though…but…,這是受了漢語母語負遷移的影響,在書面語中是絕對不允許的。讓步狀語從句though和but絕對不能同時出現在一個句子里,就像because和so一樣。“解雇”在英語里有很多表達:fire,dismiss,kick out,throw out,sack等。Though a skilled worker是Though he was a skilled worker的省略表達。考生還要注意分析本題的邏輯關系:前后兩個部分是轉折含義,大的轉折中又包括一個小的因果。
8. arose from careless driving
本題考查慣用搭配。“行車不慎”可以翻譯成careless driving;“由……造成”用arise from。譯為:據報道,城市里65%的交通事故是由行車不慎造成的。
arise主要用于指無形的、抽象的東西的出現或產生;arise from表示“由……引起”,“因……產生”,下列搭配也可用來表達這一意思:be caused by,bring on,result in,give rise to等。考生容易將rise與arise混淆:rise通常指起身或用于事物自動升起或映入眼簾,還可以指水、價格等上漲。例如:That candidate rose to his feet to deliver his speech.(那位候選人站起來發言。)
9. Hitler was armed to the teeth
本題需要用直譯法翻譯。通過前面的講解大家已經知道,直譯法是按照原文的表層意思進行翻譯,它的好處是不僅保留了原文的內容也保留了原文的形象、比喻、民族地方色彩等。“武裝到牙齒”是說軍隊裝備精良,戰備充分,具有較強抵御和攻擊能力。有同學可能會意譯成Hitler prepared very well或Hitler had strong armed forces或Hitler prepared first-class military equipment,意譯并沒有錯,但在內涵、力度和韻味上就遠沒有原文生動形象,表達起來枯燥乏味。“武裝到牙齒”是一個漢語習語,英文里恰好也有一個習語be armed to the teeth,含義相同,韻味不減。
10. to find ways to improve the quality
本題考查不定式作后置定語。discussion是后置定語修飾的中心詞。“目的是……”可以用in order to,so as to,to來表示。不定式作后置定語從句都可以轉換成:“…Whose purpose is to…”的結構,如:They are having a discussion whose purpose is to find ways to improve the quality.(他們正在進行一場目的為想辦法提高)
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